Research Interests

Research focuses on the planning, operation, and control of modern power systems integrating high penetration of renewable energy sources. Active areas include hybrid AC/DC microgrid architectures, blockchain-based peer-to-peer energy trading, advanced inverter control strategies (synchronverters, grid-forming inverters), and the application of machine learning to power quality assessment and system stability prediction.

Technical Skills & Tools

Key Collaborators

• Prof. Ehab F. El-Saadany — University of Waterloo, Canada
• Prof. Mohamed Shaaban — University of Waterloo / KAU
• Dr. Mohamed A. Azzouz — University of Windsor, Canada
• Dr. Hossam M.A. Ahmed — KAU
• Dr. Ahmed Lasheen — KAU / Cairo University
• Dr. Sultan Alghamdi — KAU
• Dr. Majid Rawa — KAU
• Dr. Munir Nour — KAU

Academic & Leadership Positions

Education

Awards & Certifications

• Promotion to Associate Professor, KAU, 2024
• IEEE Senior Member (elevated April 2021)
• Consultant Professional Engineer, Saudi Council of Engineers, 2023
• Patent Honors, KAU President & Technology Transfer Center, 2022
• ABET IDEAL Scholar, 2019
• Best TA Certificate, University of Waterloo, 2017
• Faculty of Engineering Awards (x2), University of Waterloo, 2016
• Research Bench Fees Award, Saudi Cultural Bureau, 2014
• Vice Chair, IEEE Young Professionals, Western Saudi Arabia Section

Teaching

Graduate Supervision

• 1 PhD student — AC/DC Microgrids, Bargaining Interactions
• 12 MSc students — Power systems, renewable energy, prototyping, smart grids
• Multiple undergraduate capstone teams and Mawhiba gifted student mentorships

Professional Memberships

• IEEE Senior Member (SMIEEE)
• Saudi Council of Engineers — Consultant Professional Engineer
• IEEE Young Professionals — Vice Chair, Western Saudi Arabia Section

Journal Articles (71)

View full profile on Google Scholar

2026

• 1.Sindi, H.F. et al., "A Holomorphic Embedding Power Flow Algorithm for Cost-Based Droop Microgrids," 2026. (In press.)
• 2.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Online Stability Assessment and Enhancement of Microgrids Using a Decentralized Control Algorithm," 2026. (In press.)

2025

• 3.Alghamdi, S., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Adaptive Control for Shunt Active Power Filter Under Stochastic Solar Photovoltaics Behavior," IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron., 2025. (35 citations)
• 4.Lasheen, A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Online Stability Assessment for Isolated Microgrid via LASSO Based Neural Network Algorithm," Energy Convers. Manag.: X, 2025. (6 citations)
• 5.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Isolated Microgrids Dominant Modes Prediction Based on Machine Learning," 2025. (In press.) (3 citations)

2024

• 6.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Efficient Energy Management Framework for Enhancing the Techno-Economic-Environmental Performance of Grid-Connected Microgrids Under Uncertain Conditions," Ain Shams Eng. J., 2024. (23 citations)
• 7.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Modified Tilt-Integral Active Disturbance Rejection Controller with Inertia Emulated DC Link for Frequency Control of Marine Microgrid," ISA Trans., 2024. (10 citations)
• 8.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Blockchain-Based Energy Trading in Droop-Based Hybrid Microgrids," Ain Shams Eng. J., 2024. (7 citations)
• 9.Lasheen, A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Reduced Order Model for Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid," Electr. Power Syst. Res., 2024. (2 citations)
• 10.Lasheen, A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Robust LMI Controller-Based Reduced Order Model for Hybrid Microgrids," 2024. (In press.) (2 citations)
• 11.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Comparison of Multilevel and Differential Inverters: Complexity, Power Quality, and Efficiency," 2024. (In press.)

2023

• 12.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F., Azzouz, M.A. and Awad, A.S.A., "An Energy Trading Framework for Interconnected AC-DC Hybrid Smart Microgrids," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 14(2), pp.853--865, 2023. (19 citations)
• 13.Alghamdi, S., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Robust Control of Adaptive Power Quality Compensator in Multi-Microgrids," Ain Shams Eng. J., 2023. (56 citations)
• 14.Aboelnaga, A.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Fault Ride-Through Strategies for Synchronverter-Interfaced Energy Resources Under Asymmetrical Grid Faults," IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, 2023. (13 citations)
• 15.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Stochastic Multi-Benefit Planning of Mobile Energy Storage in Reconfigurable Active Distribution Systems," Sustain. Energy, Grids Networks, 2023. (8 citations)
• 16.Lasheen, A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Impact of Secondary Control Design on the Microgrid Domain of Stability Considering Reactive Power Sharing," IEEE Access, 11, pp.44454--44466, 2023. (7 citations)
• 17.Rawa, M., Al-Turki, Y., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Current-Voltage Curves of Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells—Novel Expressions Based on Lambert W Function," J. Adv. Res., 2023. (25 citations)
• 18.Lasheen, A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Stability Domain Analysis for Islanded Microgrid Considering N-1 Contingency," IEEE Access, 11, pp.115986--115997, 2023. (3 citations)
• 19.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Robust Load Frequency Control of Two-Area Interconnected Power System Using Fuzzy-I Controller," 2023. (In press.) (5 citations)
• 20.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Cascaded Controller for Electric Vehicle Utilization to Improve Frequency Regulation of Microgrid," 2023. (In press.) (1 citation)

2022

• 21.Aboelnaga, A.A., Azzouz, M.A., Sindi, H.F. and Awad, A.S.A., "Fault Ride Through of Inverter-Interfaced Renewable Energy Sources for Enhanced Resiliency and Grid Code Compliance," IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, 2022. (35 citations)
• 22.Morgan, M.Y., Shaaban, M.F., Sindi, H.F. and Zeineldin, H.H., "A Holomorphic Embedding Power Flow Algorithm for Islanded Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 13(3), pp.1813--1825, 2022. (34 citations)
• 23.Alghamdi, S., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Optimal PID Controllers for AVR Systems Using Hybrid Simulated Annealing and Gorilla Troops Optimization," Fractal Fract., 2022. (34 citations)
• 24.Rawa, M., et al., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Estimation of Parameters of Different Equivalent Circuit Models of Solar Cells Using Hybrid Variants of Honey Badger Algorithm," Mathematics, 10(7), p.1057, 2022. (57 citations)
• 25.Rawa, M., et al., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Single Diode Solar Cells—Improved Model and Exact Current-Voltage Analytical Solution Based on Lambert's W Function," Sensors, 22(11), p.4173, 2022. (51 citations)
• 26.Khan, M.S., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Estimation of Solar Radiation on a PV Panel Surface with an Optimal Tilt Angle," Electronics, 11(13), 2022. (19 citations)
• 27.Makki, A.A., Sindi, H.F., et al., "Goal Programming and Mathematical Modelling for Capacity Planning in Higher Education Institutions," Appl. Sci., 12(3), p.1702, 2022. (20 citations)
• 28.Ali, A., Shaaban, M.F. and Sindi, H.F., "Optimal Operational Planning of RES and HESS in Smart Grids," Sustainability, 14(20), p.13209, 2022. (11 citations)
• 29.Ahmed, M.A., Sindi, H.F. and Nour, M., "Cybersecurity in Hospitals: An Evaluation Model," J. Cybersecur. Privacy, 2(4), pp.853--861, 2022. (24 citations)
• 30.Mokhtar, M., Shaaban, M.F., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Reliability Assessment under High Penetration of EVs including V2G Strategy," Energies, 15(4), p.1585, 2022. (13 citations)
• 31.Nour, M., et al., Sindi, H.F., "A Novel Tilt and Acceleration Measurement System Based on Hall-Effect Sensors Using Neural Networks," Math. Probl. Eng., 2022. (15 citations)
• 32.Alghamdi, S., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Reduction in Voltage Harmonics of Parallel Inverters Based on Robust Droop Controller in Islanded Microgrid," Mathematics, 2022. (14 citations)

2021

• 33.El-Hamalawy, A.F., et al., Sindi, H.F., "A Subspace Identification Technique for Real-Time Stability Assessment of Droop Based Microgrids," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 37(4), pp.2731--2743, 2021. (18 citations)
• 34.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Optimal Sizing and Scheduling of Mobile Energy Storage," IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 37(2), pp.1075--1086, 2021. (93 citations)
• 35.Sindi, H.F. et al., "An adaptive deep learning framework to classify unknown composite power quality event," Expert Syst. Appl., 178, p.115023, 2021. (35 citations)
• 36.Sindi, H.F. et al., "A novel hybrid deep learning approach including combination of 1D power signals and 2D signal images for power quality disturbance classification," Expert Syst. Appl., 174, p.114785, 2021. (102 citations)
• 37.Abidi, A., Rawa, M., et al., Sindi, H.F.A., "Simulation of melting and solidification of graphene nanoparticles-PCM inside a dual tube heat exchanger," J. Energy Storage, 44, p.103265, 2021. (60 citations)
• 38.Abu-Hamdeh, N.H., et al., Sindi, H.F., "A detailed hydrothermal investigation of a helical micro double-tube heat exchanger," Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 28, p.101413, 2021. (55 citations)
• 39.Abu-Hamdeh, N.H., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Annual performance analysis of small scale industrial waste heat assisted solar tower power plant," J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 124, pp.216--227, 2021. (28 citations)
• 40.Abu-Hamdeh, N.H., et al., Sindi, H.F., "The effects of incident solar radiation on the collector efficiency using coolant hybrid nanofluid," J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 124, pp.106--115, 2021. (18 citations)
• 41.Abu-Hamdeh, N.H., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Numerical investigation of molten salt/SiO2 nano-fluid in the solar power plant cycle," J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 124, pp.1--8, 2021. (15 citations)
• 42.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Penetration of electric vehicles in Gulf region and its influence on energy and economy," IEEE Access, 9, pp.89412--89431, 2021. (33 citations)
• 43.Abdeen, M., et al., Sindi, H.F., "A recent analytical approach for analysis of sub-synchronous resonance in DFIG-based wind farm," IEEE Access, 9, pp.68888--68897, 2021. (39 citations)
• 44.Ul-Haq, A., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Implementation of Smart Grid Technologies in Pakistan under CPEC Project," IEEE Access, 9, pp.61594--61610, 2021. (24 citations)
• 45.Sindi, H.F. et al., "Random fully connected layered 1D CNN for solving the Z-bus loss allocation problem," Measurement, 171, p.108794, 2021. (49 citations)

2020

• 46.Abdullah, M., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Enhancement of the Triboelectrification Using Artificial Surface Charges," IEEE Access, 8, pp.222556--222561, 2020. (2 citations)
• 47.Ul-Haq, A., Jalal, M., Sindi, H.F., "Energy Scenario in South Asia: Analytical Assessment and Policy Implications," IEEE Access, 8, pp.156190--156207, 2020. (44 citations)
• 48.Ul-Haq, A., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Electric Transportation in Pakistan Under CPEC," IEEE Access, 8, pp.162394--162420, 2020. (19 citations)
• 49.Nour, M., Sindi, H.F., et al., "A healthcare evaluation system based on automated weighted indicators," Int. J. Med. Inform., 144, p.104300, 2020. (22 citations)
• 50.Shahinuzzaman, M., et al., Sindi, H.F., "In vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica L. latex from 18 different cultivars," Sci. Rep., 10(1), p.10852, 2020. (107 citations)
• 51.Shah, Z.A., Sindi, H.F., et al., "Fuzzy Logic-Based Direct Load Control Scheme for Air Conditioning Load," IEEE Access, 8, pp.117413--117427, 2020. (46 citations)
• 52.Munna, F.T., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Effect of zinc doping on the optoelectronic properties of cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films," Optik, 218, p.165197, 2020. (36 citations)
• 53.Ul-Haq, A., Sindi, H.F., et al., "Modeling and Fault Categorization in Thin-Film and Crystalline PV Arrays Through Multilayer Neural Network Algorithm," IEEE Access, 8, pp.102235--102255, 2020. (46 citations)
• 54.Ucar, M.K., Nour, M., Sindi, H.F., Polat, K., "The Effect of Training and Testing Process on Machine Learning in Biomedical Datasets," Math. Probl. Eng., 2020. (232 citations — most cited paper)
• 55.Bakr, H.M., Shaaban, M.F., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generation Considering Protection," Energies, 13(9), p.2402, 2020. (14 citations)
• 56.Hasan, A.K.M., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Optoelectronic properties of electron beam-deposited NiOx thin films for solar cell application," Results Phys., 17, p.103122, 2020. (41 citations)
• 57.Selvanathan, V., et al., Sindi, H.F., "Organosoluble Starch-Cellulose Binary Polymer Blend as a Quasi-Solid Electrolyte in a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell," Polymers, 12(3), p.516, 2020. (20 citations)

2019

• 58.Bassi, H., et al., Sindi, H.F., Rawa, M., "Hardware Approach to Mitigate the Effects of Module Mismatch in a Grid-connected Photovoltaic System: A Review," Energies, 12(22), p.4321, 2019. (14 citations)

2016

• 59.Sindi, H.F., Shaaban, M., El-Saadany, E., "Distributed generation long-term planning in smart distribution systems," Int. J. Process Syst. Eng., 4(1), pp.19--40, 2016. (4 citations)
• 60.Sindi, H.F. and El-Saadany, E., "Unified Reliability Index Development for Utility Performance Assessment," Intell. Ind. Syst., 2(2), pp.149--161, 2016. (7 citations)

Conference Papers (10)

• 1.Aboelnaga, A.A., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Dual Current Control of Inverter-Based Resources for Enhanced Resilience," IEEE PES ISGT Middle East, 2023. (2 citations)
• 2.Alghamdi, S., Sindi, H.F. et al., "Tuning PID Controller Parameters of AVR Using Particle Swarm Optimization," IEEE PES ISGT Middle East, 2023. (9 citations)
• 3.Pola, S., Azzouz, M. and Sindi, H.F., "Synchronverter Power Control During Unbalanced Grid Conditions," IEEE PES ISGT Middle East, 2023.
• 4.Sindi, H.F., El-Saadany, E. and Shaaban, M., "Smart distribution systems stakeholders analysis and the effects on long-term planning," IEEE ICIT, pp.621--625, 2017. (2 citations)
• 5.Sindi, H.F., Shaaban, M., El-Saadany, E., "Distributed generation long-term planning for voltage profile enhancements," IEEE CCECE, pp.1--4, 2016. (1 citation)
• 6.Abdelwahed, M., Sindi, H.F., El-Saadany, E.F., "Power sharing control and wind power curtailing for offshore multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission," IEEE SEGE, pp.141--146, 2016. (2 citations)
• 7.Sindi, H.F., Hamad, A.A., El-Saadany, E.F., "Realization of market clearance alternatives in AC/DC hybrid microgrids," IEEE SEGE, pp.137--140, 2016. (1 citation)
• 8.Sindi, H.F., Shaaban, M., El-Saadany, E., "Strategic analysis of potential conflicts in the smart grid paradigm," IEEE EPEC, pp.446--450, 2015. (2 citations)
• 9.Sindi, H.F., Shaaban, M., El-Saadany, E., "Distributed generation long-term planning in smart distribution systems considering daily optimal operation," IEEE SEGE, pp.1--7, 2015.
• 10.Sindi, H.F. and El-Saadany, E., "Utility Assessment based on a Unified Reliability Index Using Fuzzy Inference," CIGRE Canada Conference, 2014.

Book Chapter

• 1.Ahmed, H.M.A., Sindi, H.F., Azzouz, M.A., Awad, A.S.A., Liu, Z., Ge, X., Su, M. and Han, H., "AC/DC Microgrids," in Springer Reference Book on Microgrids.

PhD Dissertation

• •Sindi, H.F. (2018). Planning and Operation Framework of Smart Distributed Energy Resources in Emerging Distribution Systems. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Waterloo. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13565

US Patents (7)

Research Funding

Total funded: >2,530,000 SAR (~$675,000 USD) · Under review: ~6,490,000 SAR

• (PI) RDIA Basic Science Research Consortium Grant — 3,650,000 SAR (submitted 2025)
• (PI) RDIA Basic Science Grants (x2) — 2,840,000 SAR (submitted 2025)
• (PI) Blockchain-based Energy Management System — RDO-MOE, 980,000 SAR (granted)
• (Co-I) Wide Area Control for Low-Inertia Power Systems — KAU, 750,000 SAR (granted)
• (PI) Reliable Power Management with Renewable Sources — STU-KAU, 400,000 SAR (granted)
• (PI) Intelligent Proactive Elevator System — RDIA SART-TDG, 2024 (granted)
• (PI) Multiple KAU internal grants — 286,000+ SAR (granted)

Media & Public Engagement

7+ national television appearances on Alekhbariya TV covering energy policy, electric vehicles, renewable energy, and student innovation.

Television

• Alekhbariya TV — Robocon 2025, EV market analysis, battery storage, data center energy systems (2025–2026)

Radio

• Riyadh Radio — Robocon achievements, Mawhiba Program (2025)

Press

• Saudi Press Agency — KAU innovation coverage

Podcast

• Engineering Thinking Podcast (Barq) — Guest, Episode 2 (2025)

Events & Hackathons

• Led first-ever Hackathon at Saudi Cultural Bureau in London (2024) — 300+ students, recognized by HRH Prince Khalid bin Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud
• Robocon 2025 — Led organization as Vice Dean: 6,000+ beneficiaries, 200M+ social media views

Contact Information